Page 207 - Grammar For YDT - 12
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GERUNDS & INFINITIVES


                                            Noun + Preposition + Gerund
                   advantage of                     excuse for                      problem of
                    chance of                         idea of                       reason for
                   capability of                    interest in                    reputation for
                    danger of                       method of                         risk of
                    difficulty in                    need for                       the point of
                   doubt about                     possibility of                     way of
           ▪ Although there is a risk of getting soaked anywhere while rafting, there is more where the current is directed.
           ▪ The author has a reputation for narrating simple and plain stories, but her depictions are sprinkled with irony from  time to time.
                                      Preposition + Noun + Preposition + Gerund
                   on account of                  in exchange for                 in the middle of
                  on the brink of                   in favour of                    in case of
                  on the point of                   in return for                   for fear of
                  on the verge of                 in the course of                 for the sake of
                   in the habit of                  in spite of                     by virtue of
           ▪ The report shows that some fish species are on the brink of going extinct because of overhunting.
           ▪ The researchers encountered unexpected results that prompted them to modify their methodology in the course of
             completing the experiment.
        4. Expressions Used with Gerunds
        Gerund ile kullanılan ifadeler (expressions used with gerund)
                                                                                                 Video 10.4
                                       Some Expressions Followed by Gerunds
          It is no use / good...                          …-nın / -nin yararı yok
          It is not worth...                              …-a / -e değmez
          There is no point in...                         …-nın / -nin anlamı yok
          a waste of + (time / money / energy)            (zaman / para / emek) ziyanı
          waste + (time / money / energy)                 (zamanı / parayı / emeği) boşa harcamak
          spend (time / money / energy)                   (zaman / para / emek) harcamak
          What / How about...?                            …-a / -e ne dersin?
          sit / stand / lie + (place)                     (bir yerde) oturup / dikilip / yatıp durmak
          without / by                                    -sız, -siz / -erek, -arak
          have fun / good time                            iyi vakit geçirmek
          go + (activity)                                 (aktivite) yapmaya gitmek
          busy                                            meşgul olmak
          can’t help                                      durduramamak
          can’t stand                                     katlanamamak
           ▪ It’s no use trying to convince him to change his mind as he has already made up his mind and will not budge.
           ▪ Do not waste your time worrying about things you cannot control; focus on the things that you can change and take action.
           ▪ Without having access to accurate data, it is difficult to make the right decisions and develop effective strategies for growth.
            Duyu fiilleriyle de “gerund” kullanılır.

                                          Gerunds after Verbs of Perception
                   hear                    see                    listen                  smell

            Yapılan iş baştan sona gözlenmiş ise yalın olarak, yapılan işin bir kısmından bahsediliyorsa “gerund” ile kullanılır.
           ▪ I heard my father talking to his colleagues on the phone, discussing the latest developments in their research project.
             (Ben onu duymaya başlamadan önce telefonda konuşmaya başlamış.)
           ▪ I heard my father talk to his colleagues on the phone, discussing the latest developments in their research project.
             (Konuşmayı baştan sona duymuş.)
            Duyu fiilleri ile birlikte “can” veya “could” kullanılmışsa devamında her zaman “gerund” tercih edilir.
           ▪ The students could hear their teachers discussing the upcoming field trip to the museum.

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