Page 192 - Dersler Cepte - English 12

Topic Summary - Gerunds and Infinitives

INTRODUCTION TO GERUNDS & INFINITIVES

Verbs are the words or phrases that describe an action, condition, or experience. Gerunds and infinitives look like verbs; however, they
are actually verbal nouns, which act like nouns and function as subjects or objects in a sentence. A gerund is the noun form of a verb
ending in ‘-ing’ (eating, trying, etc.), while an infinitive is the base form of the verb preceded by ‘to’ (to eat, to try, etc.) or without ‘to’
(eat, try, etc.). In English, some verbs are followed only by a gerund, some are followed only by an infinitive, and some can be followed
by either a gerund or an infinitive. It is important to learn these verbs and phrases in order to build proper and grammatically correct
sentences.
CORE INFORMATION

GERUNDS
1. Usage of gerunds as the subject and subject complement

“Gerund” bir fiilin köküne “-ing” getirilerek oluşturulan bir fiilimsidir.
▪ Sleeping is essential for our body to function properly.
▪ My greatest achievement so far has been completing my doctoral dissertation.
Özne olarak (as the subject of a sentence)
“Gerund’’ cümlenin öznesi olarak kullanılabilir.
▪ Giving children regular duties teaches them responsibility and helps them become more self-reliant.
▪ Listening to music with a slow or meditative tempo relaxes people by lowering their breathing and pulse rate.

Gerund isim görevi görür. Bu nedenle iyelik sıfatlarıyla birlikte kullanılabilir.
▪ His being late to the meeting affected the team’s productivity because he was the main decision-maker.
▪ The boss did not understand the reason for David’s arguing with her.

Gerund özne görevi gördüğünde cümlenin fiili tekil olmalıdır. Ancak “and’’ ile bağlanan birden fazla gerund varsa fiil çoğul olmalıdır.
▪ Arriving at the airport at least two hours before a domestic flight is recommended for the passengers.
▪ Regardless of what language you learn, watching films and listening to songs are two important activities to improve
your pronunciation.
Öznenin tamamlayıcısı olarak (as subject complement)

“Subject complement’’, “be” fiili ile özneyi tamamlamak için kullanılır. Sadece bir sözcükten ya da birden fazla sözcüğün
oluşturduğu bir sözcük grubundan oluşabilir.

▪ The best thing about travelling abroad is trying new things.
▪ The biggest challenge at work is developing a time management system and getting everyone to act accordingly.

2. Usage of gerunds as the object of a verb
“Gerund’’ bir fiilin nesnesi olarak kullanılabilir.
Kendisinden sonra “-ing” alması gereken belli başlı fiiller şunlardır:

Some Verbs Followed by a Gerund
admit (to) discuss include quit
anticipate dislike involve recommend
appreciate enjoy justify report

avoid endure keep resent
complete fancy mention resist
consider finish mind risk
delay hate postpone suggest
deny imagine practise tolerate

▪ A person who wants to have a successful career should never avoid taking risks.
▪ As I cannot resist eating chocolate and ice cream, I can never stick to a strict diet.

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