Page 199 - Dersler Cepte - English 12

Topic Summary - Gerunds and Infinitives

“It takes + time / money / effort” yapısıyla infinitive kullanımı

Bu yapılar yapılan işin ne kadar vakit, çaba aldığını veya para gerektirdiğini söylemek için kullanılır.
▪ It took two days to complete the presentation, but all of our hard work was worth it.
▪ It took 16 years to construct the Taj Mahal, which was made entirely of pure white marble from the quarries of Makrana.

6. Usage of infinitives as the object of a verb
Bare infinitive

“Bare infinitive”, “to” eki almadan kullanılan fiil demektir. Fiilin yalın halidir.
Çoğu “modal” yapısından sonra (after some modal verbs)

▪ Regardless of your educational background, you can learn various skills thanks to the many opportunities offered by the
Internet.
▪ For fear of failure, some people do not take risks and miss out on opportunities that could lead them to success.

▪ Engineers and planners must take many things into account when building any type of energy facility.
Bazı “modal-like” ifadelerden sonra (after modal-like expressions)
▪ The meeting is supposed to provide participants a new insight into the topic.

▪ The majority of American workers have to commute dozens of miles to go to their offices.
Öneride bulunduğumuz “why” dan sonra (after “why” for offers)
▪ Why don’t you take a break and go for a walk? A change of scenery could help you relax and clear your head.

Make / have somebody do something (after some causative structures)
▪ The meeting made me miss the bus because it ran much longer than expected.
▪ I had my students analyse the strengths and weaknesses of the piece and explain their opinion.

“make” fiili “passive” bir yapı olarak kullanılırsa kendisinden sonra “to + infinitive” kullanılır.

▪ Celiné was made to feel special and appreciated for her hard work.
“see, hear, watch, feel, notice” gibi duyu fiillerinden sonra
▪ I watched people run in the pouring rain while drinking my morning coffee at home.

▪ I heard my parents talk about the preparations for next week’s housewarming party.

Bu fiiller “passive” bir yapıda kullanılırsa kendisinden sonra “to + infinitive” gelir.
▪ The managers of the club were heard to discuss plans for the upcoming season.

and / but / or (bağlaçlardan sonra)
▪ If you choose to walk or ride your bike instead of taking a car everywhere, you can reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

“let” ile
▪ The teacher let the students work in groups to complete their assignments.
▪ The basketball coach didn’t let the players take any unnecessary risks on the court in yesterday’s match.

“let” ifadesinin “passive” kullanımı “be allowed to” şeklindedir.

▪ Neither students nor professional athletes are allowed to use performance-enhancing hormones during competition.
“help” den sonra (hem yalın hem de “to + infinitive” olarak)
▪ Sharks help create / to create a healthy ocean ecosystem by regulating the populations of other marine animals.

▪ The manager helped employees understand / to understand how to use the new software program by providing training
sessions.

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