Page 72 - Dersler Cepte - English 12

Topic Summary - Modal Verbs

Usages of “Prefer, Would Prefer, Would Rather, Would Sooner”
Tercih belirtirken bu yapılar kullanılır.
▪ I would prefer to earn less money in my country rather than work abroad.
▪ I would rather help unemployed people find a job rather than give them money.

Günümüzde yapılan tercihlerde “be V ”; geçmişteki tercihlerde ise “have V ” kullanılır.
ing 3
▪ As the football match is boring, many people would rather be sitting at home than (be) watching the match in the stadium.
▪ We did not like the film, so we would prefer to have stayed at home rather than have bought those tickets.
“Would rather / would sooner” başka birisi adına yapılan tercihleri ifade etmek için de kullanılır. Şu anla ilgili tercih ise “Simple
Past Tense”; geçmiş ile ilgili bir tercih ise “Past Perfect Tense” kullanılır.
▪ I would rather my father did not smoke as he is suffering from asthma.
▪ I would rather Maria’s sister had not spent all her money on clothes because she could not pay the rent last month.
7. Modals Used For Permission ( Can I...? / May I...? / Could I...? / Do you mind if I...? / Would you mind if I...?)

Structure of ‘‘Can I…? / May I…? / Could I…? / Do you mind if I…? / Would you mind if I…?’’

used my mobile phone until the
Would you mind if I (Formal)
plane takes off?
use my mobile phone until the
Do you mind if I (Informal)
plane takes off?
May I (Formal)
use my mobile phone until the
Could I
plane takes off?
Can I (Informal)

Usages of “Can I...?, May I...?, Could I...?, Do you mind if...?, Would you mind if I...?”
Birinden izin isterken “May I …, Could I…, Can I …” yapıları kullanılır. Resmi olmayan ilişkilerde “Can I …” yapısı tercih edilir.
▪ Could I see my exam paper as I was not expecting such a low mark?
▪ Can I use your phone until mine gets fully charged?
“Do you mind if I…?” ve “Would you mind if I…?” kalıpları “Yapmamın sakıncası var mı?” anlamına gelir. “Do you mind if I…?”
resmi olmayan ilişkilerde tercih edilirken; “Would you mind if I…?” kalıbı resmi ilişkilerde tercih edilir. “Do you mind if I…?”
“Present Simple Tense” ile “Would you mind if I…?” “Past Simple Tense” ile kullanılır.
▪ Do you mind if I join the walking tour that you have organized for the weekend?
▪ Would you mind if I kept my pet rabbit during the flight?
8. Modals Used For Obligation & Lack of Necessity (Must / Have to / Have got to / Need to )

Usages of “Must, Have to, Have got to, Need to”
“Must” genellikle iç etkenlerden; “have to” ise dış etkenlerden kaynaklanan zorunluluklarda kullanılır.

▪ We must protect animals as they have the right to live like human beings.
▪ If you want to drive a car on your own, you have (got) to pass your driving license.

“Have to” tüm zamanlarla çekimlenebilir.
▪ McArthur has had to go to Hong Kong at short notice for his firm.
▪ I see that you have got only three decent shirts; you will have to buy new ones when you get there.

‘‘Don’t have to / don’t need to / needn’t’’ gereklilik ya da zorunluluk olmayan durumlarda kullanılır.
▪ Tuesday is my off day, so I do not have to go to work.
▪ You need not get my clothes ready now; I have cancelled my journey.
“Must” ve “must not” yapıları zorunluluk ve yasak bildirir. Gerekliliğin olmadığı durumlarda “must not” kullanılmaz.
▪ You must not use the pills whose expiry date has ended.

72
72