Page 188 - Grammar For YDT - 11

ADJECTIVES, ADVERBS & COMPARISONS

ENGLISH Aşağıdaki tabloda, sıfatların hece yapılarına göre en üstünlük (superlative) hâlleri yer almaktadır:

Son üç harfi
Sonu “-e”
Tek heceli
Sonu “sessiz harf
ile biten tek
“sessiz
+ y” ile biten iki
sıfatların
heceli sıfatların
+ sesli + sessiz”
sonuna
sonuna ile biten sıfatlara heceli sıfatlarda Çok heceli sıfatlarda
sadece “-st” “-est” eklenir, “-y” düşer yerine sıfattan önce “the most” /
Superlative “-est” eklenir. son harf kendini
eklenir. tekrar eder. “-iest” eklenir. “the least” gelir.
cold – coldest large – largest thin – thinnest busy – busiest attractive – the most attractive
Örnek
slow – slowest safe – safest big – biggest happy – happiest careful – the least careful
Sonu “-ly” ile biten zarflar da “the most” ile kullanılır.
commonly – the most commonly carefully – the most carefully probably – the most probably
It takes time for the tea to to brew properly, so the most hastily prepared one will probably not taste very good.
Because Sue could not concentrate during the exam, she was not able to solve even the most clearly explained
questions.
Sıfat ve zarf hâlleri aynı olan “fast”, “hard” ve “late” sözcükleri “-(e)st” ile, “early” ise (-y düştüğü için) “-iest”
ile kullanılır.
Although he is no longer the fastest athlete, Usain Bolt still holds the record for the 100 metres.

The earliest train to downtown is often cheaper than the later ones.
Bazı sıfat ve zarflar düzensizdir ve belirtilen kuralların dışında kalır.

good / well bad / badly little many much far
the best the worst the least the most the most the farthest / the furthest

Monica is strict with her money, and she prefers buying the least expensive items.
Ushuaia is the farthest point in the southern hemisphere where a person can go by car.

“Superlative” yapıda sıfatın önüne “the” getirilir, ancak “my”, “your”, “her”, “this” ve “that” gibi sözcükler
kullanıldığında “the” kullanılmaz.
Due to his illness, the band’s lead guitarist gave his worst performance ever.

Jane’s most valuable possession was the necklace she was given by her grandmother.
Expressing Big or Small Differences in Comparative Forms
İki kişi ya da nesneyi karşılaştırırken “much”, “far”, “a lot”, “slightly”, “a bit”, “a little”, “any”, “no”, “even” ve “rather” zarflarını
kullanarak karşılaştırmanın derecesini artırabilir veya azaltabiliriz. “Quite” ve “fairly”, karşılaştırmalı yapılarda kullanılmaz.
Our neighbour’s new house is only a bit larger than her previous one; it seems like a waste of money.
Because the passenger was afraid of being late for the flight, he asked the taxi driver to drive much faster.
Since the tourist group did not like the restaurant’s menu, they looked for a far better place to eat. Video 9.5

Değişmekte olan bir durumu ifade etmek için “comparative” sıfatlar ve zarflar çift olarak kullanılabilir (darker
and darker, more and more, harder and harder, vb.). Bu değişimi ifade etmek için sıklıkla “become” ve “get”
fiilleri kullanılır.
Rita’s performance at the piano recitals has been getting more and more impressive with each passing year.

The snowfall outside the window became more and more intense, making the landscape a winter wonderland.

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