Page 97 - Grammar For YDT - 12

PASSIVE VOICE & CAUSATIVES

PASSIVE VOICE & CAUSATIVES
Eylemi yapan kişiyi vurgulamak yerine olayın kendisine odaklanan “Passive Voice” (edilgen yapı), dilin
çeşitliliğini ve ifade gücünü artıran önemli bir dilbilgisi unsurudur. Etken yapıda özne, eylemi gerçekleştiren Video 5.1
kişiyi belirtirken, edilgen yapıda eylemin kendisi ön plandadır. Olayın gerçekleşme şekli veya sonuçları daha
önemli olduğunda bu yapı kullanılır. Ayrıca, bilimsel raporlar, resmi yazışmalar veya haber makaleleri gibi
metinlerde sıkça karşılaşılan bir yapıdır.
1. The Structure of Passive Voice
Video 5.2
Aşağıdaki tablo; etken (active) yapıların, “Passive Voice” yapılarına nasıl dönüştüğünü göstermektedir.
Tense Active Passive
The governor rules the city in the The city is ruled by the governor in the
Simple Present Tense
name of the king. name of the king.
The governor is ruling the city in the The city is being ruled by the governor
Present Continuous Tense
name of the king. in the name of the king.
The governor has ruled the city in The city has been ruled by the governor
Present Perfect Tense
the name of the king. in the name of the king.
Present Perfect Continuous The governor has been ruling the X
Tense city in the name of the king.

The governor ruled the city in the The city was ruled by the governor in
Simple Past Tense
name of the king. the name of the king.
The governor was ruling the city in The city was being ruled by the
Past Continuous Tense
the name of the king. governor in the name of the king.
The governor had ruled the city in The city had been ruled by the governor
Past Perfect Tense
the name of the king. in the name of the king.
The governor had been ruling the
Past Perfect Continuous Tense X
city in the name of the king.
Simple Future Tense a) The governor will rule the city in a) The city will be ruled by the governor
the name of the king. in the name of the king.
a) will
b) The governor is going to rule the b) The city is going to be ruled by the
b) be going to city in the name of the king. governor in the name of the king.

The governor will be ruling the city in
Future Continuous Tense X
the name of the king.
The governor will have ruled the city The city will have been ruled by the
Future Perfect Tense
in the name of the king. governor in the name of the king.
The governor will have been ruling
Future Perfect Continuous Tense X
the city in the name of the king.

Modals Active Passive

Modals (can, may, should, The governor should rule the city The city should be ruled by the
could, etc.) in the name of the king. governor in the name of the king. Video 5.3

Past Modals (could, The governor should have ruled The city should have been ruled by
should, must, might, etc. the city in the name of the king. the governor in the name of the king.
have + V )
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