Page 95 - Dersler Cepte - English 12

Topic Summary - Passive Voice

How to Form Passive
Etken (active) yapıları, edilgen (passive) yapıya dönüştürmek için 3 temel kural vardır:

1. Active (etken) yapıda bir cümle passive (edilgen) yapıya dönüştürülürken dikkat edilmesi gereken öge, active cümlenin nesnesidir.
Active cümlenin nesnesi, passive yapıya dönüştüğünde artık o cümlenin öznesi durumuna gelir.
▪ Active: Thousands of people visit the Taj Mahal every spring.
Passive: The Taj Mahal is visited by thousands of people every spring.

2. “Passive” cümlelerde her zaman fiilin “past participle” (V ya da -ed) hali kullanılır.
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▪ At the beginning of the academic year, students are informed of the campus facilities, social clubs as well as rules of the academy.
▪ Not only considerable physical effort but a large sum of money will be spent to implement that international rap festival.

3. Passive voice tablosunda da görüldüğü gibi, passive yapıda “be” fiili zaman göstergesidir, active cümlenin zamanına göre çekimlenir.
Yani be fiili, “present” yapılarda am / is / are, “past” yapılarda was / were, “perfect” yapılarda been ve “continuous” yapılarda ise
being olarak kullanılır.
▪ The food production area is disinfected every day. (present)
▪ Those houses were built in 2000 after the great earthquake. (past)
▪ His car is being examined by technicians to determine its market value. (continuous)
▪ Rector elections have been resulted in the most unexpected candidate’s victory. (perfect)
Usages of Passive Voice

Eylemi kimin gerçekleştirdiği bilinmiyorsa:
▪ The main theatrical components, including staging, costumes, and acting, are used to depict the drama in opera.
▪ Every year, scholarships are awarded to hundreds of deserving students.

Gerçekleştirilen eylem tüm insanları içeriyorsa:
▪ Smartphones are used as a tool for entertainment by millions.
▪ Online shopping is used all around the world with a lot of benefits.

Eylemin kim tarafından yapıldığı önemli değilse:
▪ 4K broadcasts can only be viewed with a compatible device.
▪ Different methods are being researched to prevent global warming.

Eylemi yapandan çok, eylemin kendisi vurgulanmak isteniyorsa:
▪ By the beginning of the 21 century, millions of trees in the rainforest had been destroyed.
st
▪ Nuclear energy has been used safely in a few countries for many years.

Eylemi gerçekleştiren açıkça belli ise:
▪ Scientists doing research on DNA transformation have been accused of harming animals.
▪ When the results were announced, the winner started to cry.

Bir işlem ve süreç anlatırken, talimatlarda:
▪ The cheesecake is taken out of the oven and placed on a shelf to cool while you prepare the topping.
▪ If you get a premium membership for a digital library, a notification e-mail is sent to you when your name is mentioned in an academic study.
Resmi Duyurularda:

▪ The new subway route connecting the airport to the city centre will be opened at the weekend.
▪ It has been announced that the city draw about where the 2036 Olympic Games will take place will be held next month.
Bilimsel Metinlerde:

▪ The latest research has revealed that damage on the ozone layer has been patched up with the precautions taken.
▪ When heat is transferred by molecular collision, it is referred to as “heat transfer by convection”.

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