Page 97 - Dersler Cepte - English 12

Topic Summary - Passive Voice

3. Passive Forms of Infinitive

Active Passive

Present Infinitive to + past participle (V ) to + be + past participle (V )
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Perfect Infinitive to have + past participle (V ) to + have + been + past participle (V )
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Passive infinitive “to be + past participle (V )” şeklinde oluşturulur.
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▪ In health and education, certain entitlements to services are to be guaranteed by the government.
▪ What makes us proud of ourselves is to be appreciated and to know that we are worth somebody else’s appreciation.

Esas cümlenin fiili ile yan cümlenin fiili arasında zaman farkı varsa “to have been + V ” kullanılır.
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▪ Papyrus is known to have been used thousands of years ago in ancient Egypt.

▪ My locker appears to have been tampered because it is really in a mess.
DİKKAT!!!
“Need, require, want” fiilleri hem “Verb + ing” hem de “to be + V ” ile passive yapılabilirler.
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▪ The house needs to be renovated a bit before you move in.
The house needs renovating a bit before you move in.

▪ All gas fires and central heating boilers require to be serviced once a year.
All gas fires and central heating boilers require servicing once a year.
4. Reporting Verbs In Passive Voice

Main clause + that clause biçiminde iki bağlı cümleden oluşan yapılar iki şekilde passive hale getirilirler.
▪ Many people know that vitamin C prevents the common cold.

It is known that vitamin C prevents the common cold.
Vitamin C is known to prevent the common cold.
Yaygın olarak kullanılan reporting verbs

allege consider expect know report show

assume declare feel observe reveal suppose

believe discover find presume say think

claim estimate intend prove see understand

5. Stative Passive

İngilizce’de fiilin üçüncü hali ( V ) sıfat görevi görür. Bu cümleler pasiftir, ancak kullanılan past participle (V ), eylemin nasıl veya kim tarafından
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yapıldığını ifade etmez. Yani sadece adı / durumu tanımlar. Bu nedenle sıfat görevi görürler.
▪ a) The window is large. b) The window is white. c)The window is broken.
İlk iki cümledeki “large” ve “white” sözcük türü olarak sıfattır. “Broken” ise break fiilinin üçüncü halidir; ancak o da, “large” ve “white” gibi
‘’window” sözünü tanımlamıştır.
▪ Yesterday, the classroom window was broken by one of the students. (passive action)

(Dün sınıfın camı, bir öğrenci tarafından kırıldı.)
▪ When I entered the classroom yesterday, the window was broken. (stative passive)
(Dün sınıfa girdiğimde cam kırıktı.)

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