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35. The Tortoise Trainer is a renowned painting 36. The Independent Group, comprising young
created by Osman Hamdi Bey in the late 19 th artists, writers, and critics, is regarded as
century. This masterpiece showcases his the predecessor of the Pop Art movement in
skilful blend of traditional Ottoman imagery Britain during the 1950s. Their goal was to
with Western academic techniques. ---- It is challenge the prevailing modernist culture,
believed to symbolise the notion of bringing critique mass production and consumerism,
order to the natural world, which reflects the and promote a more inclusive art style,
artist’s fascination with both art and science. incorporating elements of popular culture.
Osman Hamdi Bey’s innovative approach is Rather than following traditional methods, Pop
highlighted by the painting’s composition, rich Art artists drew inspiration from Hollywood,
colours, and fine details, earning it a special pop music, advertising, and comics. ----
place in Turkish art history. Despite criticism by modernist critics, Pop Art
brought innovative ways of presenting art and
A) It is currently housed in the Pera Museum in was seen as an early form of postmodernism.
İstanbul and continues to inspire viewers with
its unique artistic prowess. A) Several celebrated Pop Art artists started
their careers in commercial art, such as Andy
B) The painting portrays an Ottoman man
surrounded by a group of tortoises, Warhol, who found success as a graphic
designer.
seemingly engaged in a musical
performance. B) They integrated these well-known symbols,
images, and everyday objects into their
C) Besides his artistic pursuits, he was a cultural artwork using techniques like screen-printing
visionary, advocating for the preservation of and collage.
Türkiye’s archaeological heritage.
C) However, in Britain, the movement
D) He played a crucial role in establishing the
İstanbul Archaeological Museum, where he approached American popular imagery
and its impact on people’s lives in a more
served as its first director.
intellectual manner.
E) Osman Hamdi Bey fused Western
techniques with Turkish themes, pioneering a D) Nevertheless, Los Angeles artists have
shifted their focus away from specific
unique style in Ottoman art.
consumer goods, allowing Pop Art to go
beyond mere imitation.
E) Roy Lichtenstein, famous for his influential
paintings of comic strip cartoons, was
accused of directly copying the comics.
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