Page 216 - Grammar For YDT - 12
P. 216

GERUNDS & INFINITIVES


        Fiilden sonra nesne varsa / Fiilden sonra nesne yoksa
            Bazı fillerin ardından nesne kullanıldığında “to infinitive” kullanılır. Fiilden sonra nesne yoksa “gerund” kullanılır.


                 Verbs                   Verb + gerund                   Verb + object + to infinitive


                             Nutritionists advise drinking at least eight   Educators advise students to set goals
                 advise      glasses of water a day to ensure that the   and work hard to achieve them to foster a
                             body is properly hydrated.           growth mindset.



                             As an experienced dentist, I recommend   Our family doctor recommends us to get
              recommend      flossing at least once a day and brushing   regular checkups to make sure we are in
                             your teeth twice a day.              good health.




                             The school administration does not allow   The boss does not allow workers to answer
                 allow
                             using mobile phones during class hours.  personal calls during work hours.



                             For safety reasons, the laboratory does not   Our maths teacher permits us to use
                 permit      permit eating or drinking near hazardous   calculators while we solve complex
                             substances.                          equations and problems.



                             The government has forbidden using plastic
                                                                  The management forbids visitors to take
                 forbid      bags in grocery stores to reduce plastic
                                                                  photographs inside the museum.
                             waste.

                             Municipalities of big cities encourage   The hardships we face in our lives
               encourage     saving energy through renewables and   encourage us to grow and help us realise
                             clean energy initiatives.            the good things in life.


        consider

            “consider” fiili, “gerund” yapısıyla kullanılmalıdır. Ancak, passive yapıda ise “to infinitive” kullanılır.

           ▪ Many public health experts consider banning the use of antibiotics in livestock feed as a necessary step to combat
             the rising threat of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
           ▪ The use of antibiotics in livestock feed is considered to contribute to the development of antibiotic-resistant
             bacteria.
        “need / want / require” + gerund   †   active form (passive meaning)
        “need / want / require” + to + be + past participle   †   passive
        “need / want / require” + to infinitive   †   active (active meaning)

           ▪ The car’s engine warning light is on, so it needs servicing / to be serviced to prevent any further damage as soon
             as possible.
             (We need to have the car serviced.)
           ▪ The damage to the aircraft is obvious; it requires repairing / to be repaired by a professional mechanic to restore its
             functionality.

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