Page 145 - Grammar For YDT - 11

GERUNDS, INFINITIVES & PARTICIPLES

8. Progressive, Passive, and Perfect Forms of Infinitives
Aşağıdaki tablo, infinitive yapılarının çeşitli türlerini (bare, to infinitive, progressive, passive ve perfect) ve bunların cümle
içinde nasıl kullanıldığını örneklerle açıklamaktadır:

bare infinitive
Let me see if I have any available appointments for tomorrow.
(verb)
to infinitive The tour guide wanted to take a group photo in front of the Video 7.12
(to + verb) famous monument.
progressive infinitive Our planet’s future seems to be moving in a more sustainable
(to + be V ) direction.
ing

passive infinitive The young pianist deserved to be praised for her stunning
(to + be + past participle) performance.
perfect infinitive (Active) I feel lucky to have seen the band’s performance live at their
(to + have + past participle) final concert.
perfect infinitive (Passive) Egyptian pyramids are known to have been built as
(to + have been + past participle) monumental tombs for pharaohs.
perfect infinitive (Progressive) The students appear to have been studying very hard recently,
(to + have been V ) as they have been consistently scoring well on their exams.
ing
“Progressive Infinitive”, “(to) + be + V ” yapısı ile kullanılır ve eylemin devam etmekte olduğunu gösterir.
ing
The kids who were flying their kites in the open field seemed to be having a lot of fun.
(Açık alanda uçurtmalarını uçuran çocuklar, çok eğleniyor gibi görünüyorlardı.)

We will be living in a new apartment in San Francisco at this time next year.
You might be facing many challenges when starting a new job in a completely unfamiliar industry.
“Passive Infinitive”, “(to) be + past participle” yapısı ile kullanılır ve eylemin edilgen bir şekilde gerçekleştiğini
gösterir.
The employees are pleased to be informed of the new updates to the project.

(Çalışanlar, projedeki yeni güncellemeler hakkında bilgilendirilmekten memnuniyet duymaktadır.)
The players should be given a fair opportunity to demonstrate their talents.

“Perfect Infinitive”, “(to) have + past participle” yapısı ile kullanılır ve eylemin ana fiilden daha önce
gerçekleştiği gösterir.

Jennifer was thrilled to have completed the marathon in record time.
The couple would rather have bought the car in a different colour.
“Perfect Passive Infinitive”, “(to) have been + past participle” yapısı ile kullanılır ve edilgen yapıdaki eylemin
ana fiilden daha önce gerçekleştiği gösterir.
Tom is excited to have been selected for the internship programme at a top tech company.

Sean may have been given the wrong directions, which caused him to take the longer route to his destination.

“Perfect Progressive Infinitive”, “(to) have been + V ” yapısı ile kullanılır ve geçmişte başlamış ve bir süre
ing
devam etmiş olan bir eylemi ifade eder. Bu yapı, eylemin sürekliliğini vurgular ve çoğu zaman bu eylemin şu
anki etkilerini de gösterir.
The young artist is delighted to have been painting landscapes with her vibrant watercolours all afternoon.
Dan appeared frustrated; he must have been working on that puzzle for hours.

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