Page 160 - Grammar For YDT - 11

RELATIVE CLAUSES

ENGLISH 5. Relative Pronoun Modifying Time (when – in / on / at which)

Ana cümlemizdeki tanımlanan isim “relative clause” yapısı içinde “in that year”, “on that day” veya “at that hour”
gibi bir zaman belirtmekte ise ya da belirli bir zamandan bahsetmekte ise “relative pronoun” olarak “when, that, Video 8.6
which” kullanılabilir. Ya da herhangi bir “relative pronoun” kullanılmadan da “relative clause” cümleye eklenebilir.

Zaman niteleyen “relative clause” yapılarında ilgeç sadece “which”in önüne getirilir. (on which, in which, at
which)

The young couple says they cannot forget a day. Everybody was singing and dancing around on that day.
The young couple says they cannot forget the day when everybody was singing and dancing around.
The young couple says they cannot forget the day that everybody was singing and dancing around.

The young couple says they cannot forget the day on which everybody was singing and dancing around.
The young couple says they cannot forget the day Ø everybody was singing and dancing around.

Bir “relative clause” yapısında zaman sözcüğü olan her ifade cümlenin zamanını ifade etmeyebilir. Bazen bu tür
zaman sözcükleri sadece bir nesne ya da özne durumundadır. Bu tür durumlarda “when” kullanılamaz. “Which”
ya da “that” kullanılarak “relative clause” ana cümleye bağlanmalıdır.
Summer is the season. It is the best time for a beach holiday. (It: subject)
Summer is the season which / that is the best time for a beach holiday.

Summer is the season. Many people opt for it instead of winter. (It: object)

Summer is the season which / that many people opt for instead of winter.
Summer is the season. Most people in Europe go on holiday with their families in summer. (in summer: time)
Summer is the season when / that most people in Europe go on holiday with their families.

Summer is the season in which most people in Europe go on holiday with their families.
6. Relative Pronoun Modifying Place (where – in / on / at which)

Ana cümlemizdeki tanımlanan isim “relative clause” yapısı içinde olayın gerçekleştiği yeri bildiriyorsa
yani bir dolaylı tümleç ise “relative pronoun” olarak “where” kullanılabilir. Video 8.7

The lucky boy found a hidden treasure in the old forest. It had been hidden there for years.
The lucky boy found a hidden treasure in the old forest, where it had been hidden for years.

Bu tür cümleler “where” ile bağlandığında ilgeç kullanmaya gerek yoktur. Ancak “where” yerine “which” ya da
“that” ile bağlamak istediğimizde ya da “relative pronoun” cümleden atıldığında cümledeki yer bildiren ifadenin
başına gelen ilgeç kullanılmak zorundadır.
You must visit the museum. You can see many famous paintings there.

You must visit the museum where you can see many famous paintings.
You must visit the museum which / that / Ø you can see many famous paintings in.
You must visit the museum in which you can see many famous paintings.

The Eiffel Tower, where tourists can enjoy panoramic views of Paris, is an iconic symbol of the city.
The Eiffel Tower, which tourists can enjoy panoramic views of Paris from, is an iconic symbol of the city.

The Eiffel Tower, from which tourists can enjoy panoramic views of Paris, is an iconic symbol of the city.
(Bu cümle bir “non-defining relative clause” içerdiği için “relative pronoun” olarak “that” kullanılamaz ve “relative pronoun”
cümleden atılamaz.)

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