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IF CLAUSES

5. Mixed Types of If Clauses

Yan cümle (if clause) ile ana cümlede (main clause) zaman uyumunun olmadığı koşul cümleleri, “Mixed Type of If
Clauses” olarak tanımlanır.
A. Mixed Type 1
lf Clause Main Clause
(Type 3) (Type 2)

Past Perfect Tense Video 7.5
Mixed Type 1 Past Perfect Continuous Tense would
Perfect Modals could (+V / + be V )
1 ing
(might have V , could have V , might
3 3
had had to, etc.)
Bu tip koşul cümleleri için “present result of a past condition” denilebilir. Bu koşul cümlelerinde yan cümle (if
clause), geçmişte gerçekleşmemiş bir koşulu ifade ederken, ana cümle (main clause), bu koşulun şimdiki zamanda
olası sonucunu belirtir.
Truth: Humanity didn’t take sufficient measures in time to safeguard water resources around the globe. Therefore, droughts
are at such a severe stage now.
Conditional: If humanity had taken sufficient measures in time to safeguard water resources around the globe, droughts
wouldn’t be at such a severe stage now.
B. Mixed Type 2

lf Clause Main Clause
(Type 2) (Type 3)

Mixed Type 2 Past Simple Tense would have V
Past Continuous Tense could have V 3
Past Modals might have V 3
(might, could, had to, etc.) 3

Bu tip koşul cümleleri için “past result of a present or continuing condition” denilebilir. Bu koşul cümlelerinde
yan cümle (if clause), günümüzle ilgili hayali olasılıktan bahsederken, ana cümle (main clause), bu durumun
geçmişteki hayali sonucundan bahseder. Kullanımını inceleyelim:
Truth: There are space agencies in 72 countries, primarily NASA. Therefore, scientists have been able to make many
explorations of the outer planet so far.
Conditional: If there were no space agencies working in 72 countries, primarily NASA, scientists couldn’t have made
many explorations of the outer planet so far.

6. Other Conditionals

“If Clause” yapılarının yerine kullanılabilecek ve koşul anlamı taşıyan başka yapılar da söz konusudur:
Even if (-sa bile, -sa da) Video 7.6
▪ Even if the company’s profit rate increased by 5%, it wouldn’t be enough to meet our research and development
needs in advanced communication technologies.
Only if (şayet, ancak, kaydıyla)

▪ You can include these personal inferences in your thesis as proven information only if laboratory studies support
them. “Only if” cümle başına gelirse, ana cümle devrik yazılır.
▪ Only if you become a member through the “e-devlet” system can you enter the national library and benefit from the
resources.

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