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CONJUNCTIONS AND TRANSITION WORDS

C. Reduction of Reason Clauses
because / as / since
Sebep-sonuç ilişkisi bildiren bu bağlaçları atarak “doing, being done / having done, having been done” getirilir.
Active:
▪ Because artificial intelligence has become a valuable part of our lives, it serves millions of people around the globe.
▪ Becoming a valuable part of our lives, artificial intelligence serves millions of people around the globe.
▪ As celebrities are role models for lots of adolescents, they are responsible for what they say and do.
▪ Being a role model for lots of adolescents, celebrities are responsible for what they say and do.
Passive:
▪ Because the experiment was conducted under controlled conditions, it was not influenced by external factors.
▪ (Being) conducted under controlled conditions, the experiment was not influenced by external factors.
▪ Since the samples had been carefully prepared and stored, they were regarded as foolproof by the team.
▪ Having been carefully prepared and stored, the samples were regarded as foolproof by the team.
D. Reduction of Conditional
if / unless / as if / whether … or not
Bir şarta bağlı olma anlamı içeren bu bağlaçlarla kısaltma yapabiliriz.
Active:
▪ If you are eager to overcome the difficulties in your life, you can feel satisfied by eliminating them one by one.
▪ If eager to overcome the difficulties in your life, you can feel satisfied by eliminating them one by one.
▪ Unless she is successful in the project, Berry will do her best to compensate for the failure.
▪ Unless successful in the project, Berry will do her best to compensate for the failure.
Passive:

▪ If historical artefacts cannot be properly conserved, they may eventually lose the valuable information they contain.
▪ If not properly conserved, historical artefacts may eventually lose the valuable information they contain.
▪ Unless the materials are handled with extreme care during transportation, they may be damaged on the way to the
laboratory.
▪ Unless handled with extreme care during transportation, the materials may be damaged on the way to the laboratory.
▪ As if the instructions had been written in a foreign language, they were too complicated to understand.
▪ As if written in a foreign language, the instructions were too complicated to understand.
▪ Whether the food has been stored at the appropriate temperature or not, it has the risk of bacterial growth and
foodborne illnesses.
▪ Whether stored at the appropriate temperature or not, the food has the risk of bacterial growth and foodborne
illnesses.
E. Reduction of Concession Clauses
although / though
Zıtlık anlamı taşıyan bu bağlaçlarla kısaltma yapabiliriz.
Active:

▪ Although Mike is interested in sports, he is not aware of the philosophy behind them.
▪ Although interested in sports, Mike is not aware of the philosophy behind them.
▪ Though technology has improved our lives in many ways, it has also caused a lot of distractions and made us
more dependent on it.
▪ Though having improved our lives in many ways, technology has also caused a lot of distractions and made us
more dependent on it.
Passive:
▪ Though the package was damaged during transit, it was still delivered to the customer on time.
▪ Though damaged during transit, the package was still delivered to the customer on time.

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