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ENGLISH                                             2
                                                                                                             ND
                                                                                                          STEP
                                                      Grammar-5








                                                               5.   Governments think it is crucial ______ their resources
           Verilen  sorularda  boş  bırakılan  yerlere  uygun  düşen   and materials; that is why they believe household waste
           sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.
                                                                   ______ instead of being incinerated.
        1.   ______ the only means of crossing the river Vltava until   A) to protect / ought to be recycled
            1841, Charles Bridge was the most significant connection
                                                                   B) protecting / could be recycled
            between Prague Castle and the city’s Old Town, ______
                                                                   C) to be protecting / may be recycled
            Prague a vital trade hub linking Eastern and Western
                                                                   D) to be protected / can be recycled
            Europe.
                                                                   E) to have protected / must be recycled
            A) Being / making
            B) To be / made
            C) Been / being made
            D) To have been / to be made
            E) Having been / having made





        2.   Earth-flows are more likely ______ when the ground is   6.   As early childhood education settings are often ______ the
            flooded by heavy rain, ______ the amount of water on the   first communities children encounter outside the home,
            hillside.                                              the  character  of  these  groups  is  immensely  influential
                                                                   ______ children’s development.
            A) occurring / to raise
            B) to have occurred / having raised                    A) beyond / for
            C) having occurred / raised                            B) behind / to
            D) to be occurred / being raised                       C) among / in
            E) to occur / raising                                  D) towards / with
                                                                   E) between / upon




        3.   The Omo Valley tribes are considered practitioners of   7.   Almost all the Earth’s coral reefs might be gone within
            ______ of the world’s oldest cultures and traditions even   three decades ______ immediate action is taken to reduce
            though ______ is known about them.                     emissions and slow climate change.
            A) much / none                                         A) provided that
            B) many / each                                         B) since
            C) all / enough                                        C) in case
            D) some / little                                       D) once
            E) any / a lot                                         E) unless





        4.   Numerous  handicrafts  and  tools  ______  at  Çatalhöyük,   8.   ______ dogs can use their two nostrils independently of
            and due to the excellent level of preservation at the site,   one another, they can determine the direction of an odour
            many of these artefacts ______ until now.              and use their sense of smell like a compass.

            A) are produced / are discovered                       A) While
            B) were produced / have been discovered                B) Because
            C) had been produced / would be discovered             C) Only when
            D) used to be produced / had been discovered           D) Even if
            E) would have been produced / were discovered          E) Until



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