Page 43 - Konu Özetleri YDT İngilizce

ENGLISH

KONU PASSIVE VOICE
ÖZETİ
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PASSIVE VOICE
Etken yapıdaki (active voice) bir cümlede özne, eylemi gerçekleştirendir. Edilgen yapıda (passive voice), özne eylemi
yapan kişi değil, eylemin etkilediği kişi veya şeydir. Etken cümledeki özne, edilgen cümlede nesneye dönüşür. Edilgen
yapı genellikle öznenin kim olduğunu bilmediğimizde veya önemli olmadığı durumlarda kullanılır. Edilgen yapı, be fiilinin
uygun hali ve past participle (V ) kullanılarak yapılır.
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Structure of the Passive Voice
Tense Active Passive
Present Simple The engineer designs buildings. Buildings are designed by the engineer.
Present Continuous The engineer is designing buildings. Buildings are being designed by the engineer.
Present Perfect The engineer has designed buildings. Buildings have been designed by the engineer.
Present Perfect
Continuous The engineer has been designing buildings. X
Past Simple The engineer designed buildings. Buildings were designed by the engineer.
Past Continuous The engineer was designing buildings. Buildings were being designed by the engineer.
Past Perfect The engineer had designed buildings. Buildings had been designed by the engineer.
Past Perfect The engineer had been designing buildings. X
Continuous
Future Simple (will) The engineer will design buildings. Buildings will be designed by the engineer.
Future Simple (be The engineer is going to design buildings. Buildings are going to be designed by the engineer.
going to)
Future Continuous The engineer will be designing buildings. X
Future Perfect The engineer will have designed buildings Buildings will have been designed by the engineer.
Future Perfect The engineer will have been designing X
Continuous buildings
Modals (can, may, The engineer should design buildings. Buildings should be designed by the engineer.
should, could etc.)
Perfect Modals
(could, should, must, The engineer should have designed Buildings should have been designed by the engineer.
might etc.have +V ) buildings.
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Formation of Passive Voice
Etken (active) yapıları, edilgen (passive) yapıya dönüştürmek için üç temel kural vardır:

1. Active cümlenin nesnesi passive cümlede özne konumunda kullanılır.
Active: The board held the conference in a big hall. Passive: The conference was held in a big hall (by the board).
Object
2. Passive cümlelerde her zaman fiilin past participle (V ) hali kullanılır.
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Passive: Students are informed about school rules at the beginning of the academic year.
3. Passive yapıda be fiili zaman göstergesidir, etken cümlenin zamanına göre çekimlenir.

Tense Structure Example

Present am / is / are Lots of donations are made to the charity every month.

Past was / were Oppenheimer was watched by thousands of people.
V
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Perfect have / has / had been The new software has been installed on all computers in the office.

Continuous to be + being A new dam is being built to meet the water needs of the local people.

ENGLISH - YDT MEBİ KONU ÖZETLERİ 43