Page 90 - Konu Özetleri YDT İngilizce
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GERUNDS AS THE SUBJECT & OBJECT OF A SENTENCE



         Waste (time / money / energy) (zaman, para, enerjiyi boşa harcamak)
         ♦  Don’t waste your time scrolling through social media all day.
         ♦  She wasted her energy cleaning the house before the party.
         Öneri veya teklif içeren ifadeler ile gerund kullanımı:

         What about ... / How about ...? (...-a / -e ne dersin?)
         ♦  How about going out for dinner tonight?
         ♦  What about visiting the museum this weekend?
         Gerund yapı ile sıklıkla kullanılan diğer ifadeler:
         Can't help ... (kendini alıkoyamamak)
         ♦  She can't help laughing at his silly jokes.
         ♦  He couldn’t help feeling nervous before the interview.
         Can't stand ... (katlanamamak)
         ♦  I can't stand waiting in long queues.
         ♦  She can’t stand listening to loud music while studying.

         Go + (activity) (bir aktiviteye gitmek)
         ♦  They went hiking in the mountains last weekend.
         ♦  Let’s go swimming at the beach tomorrow.

         Busy ... (meşgul olmak)
         ♦  She was busy preparing for the science fair.
         ♦  He’s busy organizing the event for his company.

         Have fun / good time ... (iyi vakit geçirmek)
         ♦  They had fun playing word game all evening.
         ♦  We had a great time exploring the old city.

         Sit / Stand / Lie + place + gerund (oturup / dikilip / yatıp bir şey yapma)
         ♦  He stood by the window watching the rain.
         ♦  The children sat around the fire roasting marshmallows.
         Without / By + gerund (-sız, -siz / -erek, -arak)
         ♦  She completed the exam without making a single mistake.
         ♦  They stayed fit by exercising regularly.
                                      Verbs of Perception + Object + Gerund

         Duyu fiilleri (verbs of perception), birinin bir eylemi veya olayı görmesi, duyması ya da hissetmesi gibi durumları ifade
         eden fiillerdir. Bu fiiller, ardından gerund yapı alarak bir eylemin devam ettiğini veya gerçekleşme biçimini ifade eder.
         Yaygın kullanılan duyu fiileri; hear, see, smell, notice, feel, observe, listen, watch
         ♦  We saw the leaves falling gently from the trees in autumn.
         ♦  They heard the coach yelling instructions at the players during the match.

                Duyu fiilleri bazen fiilin yalın hali (bare infinitive) ile de kullanılabilir. Ancak gerund ve bare infinitive kullanımı
                arasında ince bir fark vardır:
                Bare infinitive kullanımı, eylemin tamamını görmeyi ya da duymayı ifade eder.
                Gerund kullanımı, eylemin bir kısmını veya devam eden durumunu görmeyi ifade eder.

         ♦  I heard my mom singing her favourite song while she was cooking.
           Ben onu duymaya başlamadan önce şarkı söylemeye başlamış.
         ♦  I heard my mom sing her favourite song while she was cooking.
           Şarkıyı baştan sona duymuş.

  90      MEBİ KONU ÖZETLERİ                                                               ENGLISH - YDT
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