Page 131 - READING COMPANION TO ENGLISH EXAMS

Answer the questions 21–23 according to the
passage below.

Computers have been shrinking in size while 22. According to the passage, which of the
rapidly becoming more efficient, offering many following is true?
advances, like the modern conveniences
enhancing the quality of life. However, when A) When a traditional computer fails, it is never
due to a high level of complexity and a large
scientists and engineers encounter complex number of interacting variables.
problems, classical computers or even
supercomputers often fail to solve these B) The more computer processing power
obstacles. For instance, analysing the behaviour increases, the smaller they become, much
of each atom due to all different electrons like the daily electronic gadgets we use.
interacting with one another within a molecule C) Quantum computing manipulates the physics
or detecting subtle signs of fraudulent activity principles that make use of the properties of
in financial transactions is a challenging task matter and energy speed on a scale.
for scientists. To tackle these problems that are
too complicated for conventional computers, D) Quantum computers are still in their early
an incredibly intricate machine has emerged: stages of research and are primarily
the quantum computer. Quantum computing is experimental in today’s scientific realm.
a new area of computing that harnesses some E) One of the search engines claims that it is
special characteristics of quantum physics inevitable that powerful quantum computers
theory. The term ‘quantum’ is used to define can revolutionise various fields.
the laws of physics, which are completely
distinct from those encountered in our daily
lives, that apply at the atomic levels, electrons,
and elementary particles. Quantum computing
manipulates and controls these principles to
perform tasks and computations that are beyond
the capabilities of current digital computers.
Quantum computers, ultimately, have the
potential to provide unprecedented computational
power. For example, in 2019, one of the search
engines suggested their quantum computer
could carry out a calculation in approximately
200 seconds—a task that would take a classical
supercomputer around 10,000 years to
accomplish.

21. According to the passage, quantum 23. One of the search engines claimed that ----.
computers have the potential to ----.
A) existing computers have the capacity to store
A) eliminate some challenges scientists face and search enormous volumes of data as
while doing their computational research on rapidly as conventional computers
scientific evidence
B) their quantum computer executes tasks and
B) achieve significant breakthroughs in many computations very quickly, which regular
scientific disciplines and technologies in the computers cannot ever match
foreseeable future
C) quantum computers are based on physics
C) control the capacities of classical digital principles and perform unsophisticated
computers and take their computational calculations in 200 seconds or so
power to a high level
D) with the advancements in the coming years,
D) analyse the behaviour of individual atoms the current and potential uses of quantum
in a molecule, which is the most common computers can change
requirement of scientists
E) their new solutions to handling complicated
E) utilise the laws of quantum mechanics to calculations in certain areas have brought
handle sophisticated challenges beyond the about quantum computing
capabilities of classical computers
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