Page 155 - READING COMPANION TO ENGLISH EXAMS

For the questions 37–40, choose the irrelevant
sentence in the passage.

37. (I) Media and information literacy—the ability 39. (I) Around the world, gender inequality in the
to meaningfully engage with media and workplace is a long-standing problem, with
information channels, determining their accuracy studies showing that women earn less than their
or credibility—covers various competencies. (II) It, male counterparts in similar positions. (II) To
in particular, equips individuals with essential illustrate, a report by the World Economic Forum
skills required for critical thinking, analysis, in 2020 revealed that women, on average, earned
self-expression, and creativity, which can be eighty-two cents for every dollar earned by men.
quite challenging to teach. (III) People can (III) This wage gap exists in various industries
access, analyse, create, and consume media and and cannot be solely attributed to differences in
information in a variety of formats, including print, experience or education. (IV) Additionally, the
radio, video, and the Internet. (IV) It also helps report mentioned that gender inequality extends
people make informed choices about how they to the lack of women in leadership positions.
participate in peacebuilding, promoting equality, (V) They have also found that progress in closing
engaging in dialogues, accessing information, the gap has been slow, and estimates suggest
and contributing to sustainable development. that achieving gender pay equality may take
(V) Proficiency in using search engines properly decades.
enables people to employ cross-disciplinary
skills, such as analytical thinking, by researching A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
and comparing various sources online once the
information is obtained.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

38. (I) Foot binding practice in China is a 40. (I) Flow is a mental state where a person is
centuries-old tradition that involves the tight completely immersed in an activity, using their
wrapping of a young girl’s feet to prevent them skills to the fullest. (II) Individuals experiencing a
from growing larger than 10–11 centimetres. flow state often have elevated dopamine levels,
(II) It was considered a symbol of beauty and potentially explaining their lack of awareness
social status and was often a must-have for of hunger or fatigue. (III) During a flow state,
marriage in some regions of China. (III) Despite individuals can maintain an uninterrupted
being officially banned in 1912, some women focus, disregarding any external distractions
continued to bind their feet in secret until the and consequently losing awareness of the
th
mid-20 century. (IV) The practice thus promoted passage of time. (IV) This state often occurs
gender inequality by reinforcing the idea that during creative tasks and has been found to
women’s value was based merely on their benefit areas such as teaching, learning, sports,
physical appearance and limiting their mobility. and artistic pursuits, resulting in improved
(V) Additionally, it was incredibly painful and led performance and skill development. (V) According
to permanent disabilities for women, some of to the synchronisation theory, flow enhances
whom were left unable to walk without assistance, communication between different parts of the
experiencing lifelong chronic pain. brain, leading to increased activity in the frontal
cortex and improved higher-level thinking abilities.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

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