Page 206 - Grammar For YDT - 11

NOUN CLAUSES & REPORTED SPEECH

ENGLISH “My analysis shows that there is a direct link between poverty and reduced access to healthcare,” reported my

colleague.
My colleague reported that her analysis showed that there was a direct link between poverty and reduced access to
healthcare.
Aşağıdaki tabloda, doğrudan (direct) konuşmadan dolaylı (indirect) konuşmaya geçerken dönüşlülük zamirlerinin (reflexive
pronouns) değişimi yer almaktadır:

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
myself himself / herself
yourself / yourselves myself / himself / herself / ourselves / themselves

ourselves themselves
“I blame myself for the breakdown of our project,” admitted the team leader.
The team leader admitted that he blamed himself for the breakdown of their project.
Tense Changes in Reported Speech
Aşağıdaki tabloda, doğrudan (direct) konuşmadan dolaylı (indirect) konuşmaya geçerken zaman dönüşümünün nasıl
gerçekleştiği ve bu dönüşüme ilişkin örnekler yer almaktadır:
Direct Speech Indirect Speech Example
The Simple Present The Simple Past Tense
Tense “I swim on Saturdays,” he said. † He said (that) he swam on Saturdays.
The Present The Past Continuous “I am swimming right now,” she said. † She said (that) she was swimming
Continuous Tense Tense right then.

The Present Perfect The Past Perfect Tense “We have passed the exam,” they said. † They said (that) they had passed
Tense the exam.

The Present Perfect The Past Perfect “I have been practising the piano for several months,” she said. † She said
Continuous Tense Continuous Tense (that) she had been practising the piano for several months.

The Simple Past The Past Perfect Tense “I visited the museum last week,” he said. † He said (that) he had visited
Tense the museum the previous week.

The Past Continuous The Past Perfect “I was cooking dinner when he called,” he said. † He said (that) he had
Tense Continuous Tense been cooking dinner when he called.

The Past Perfect The Past Perfect Tense “I had cleaned the house before the guests arrived,” she said. † She said
Tense (that) she had cleaned the house before the guests arrived.

The Past Perfect The Past Perfect “I had been studying for an hour when the electricity went out,” he said. †
Continuous Tense Continuous Tense He said (that) he had been studying for an hour when the electricity went out.
The Simple Future Would “I will complete the project next week,” she said. † She said (that) she
Tense would complete the project the following week.
The Future “I will be attending the conference at that time,” he said. † He said (that) he
Continuous Tense Would be V ing would be attending the conference at that time.

The Future Perfect Would have + V “I will have graduated from college by then,” she said. † She said (that) she
Tense 3 would have graduated from college by then.

The Future Perfect Would have + been + “I will have been travelling for three months,” he said. † He said (that) he
Continuous Tense V would have been travelling for three months.
ing

206