Page 33 - Grammar For YDT - 11

TENSES

“Non-progressive verbs’’ olarak tanımladığımız fiillerden bazıları “Present Continuous Tense” ile kullanılabilirler ancak bu
durumda anlamları değişir.
to think (düşünmek-plan yapmak): “My daughter is thinking of pursuing a career in the field of art and design.”
to see (buluşmak, randevusu olmak): “Ron is seeing the doctor again on Wednesday.”
to taste (tatmak): “The chef is tasting the soup to make sure it has a good mix of flavours.”
to feel (dokunarak hissetmek): “Rowena is feeling her pockets since she can not find her phone.”
to appear (sahneye çıkmak): “My husband’s favourite band is appearing on stage tonight.”

to have (“sahip olmak” haricindeki tüm anlamları): “The kids are having fun at the amusement park.”
to be (bir süreliğine olmak): “Patricia is being rude; she is usually very polite towards others.”
3. The Present Perfect Tense

“The Present Perfect Tense”de olumlu, olumsuz ve soru yapıları aşağıdaki tabloda gösterildiği gibi oluşturulur.
Affirmative Negative Interrogative

I / You / We / They They have read that book. They haven’t read that book. Have they read that book?

He / She / It She has graded our papers. She hasn’t graded our papers. Has she graded our papers?

Aşağıdaki durumlarda “The Present Perfect Tense” kullanılır.
Geçmişteki eylemleri zaman belirtmeden anlatan ifadeler:

We have experienced multiple late deliveries with online orders, yet we continue to shop online. Video 2.6
Yakın geçmişte gerçekleşip sonuçları veya etkileri içinde bulunduğumuz anda devam eden eylemler:

Because Lisa has twisted her ankle, she is unable to participate in the baseball game tonight.
Bireylerin ve insanlığın genel başarılarını veya tecrübelerini anlatan ifadeler:

The film industry has developed greatly thanks to high-definition cameras and digital editing tools.
A. Time Expressions Used in the Present Perfect Tense

recently never since before throughout (one’s life) during the last year for several hours / weeks / months etc.
ever before so far just / already for the last week / month / year, etc. this morning / month / year, etc.
up to now yet a few times since / ever since throughout history for the past week / month / year, etc.

“Since” geçmişte başlayan ve etkileri devam eden eylemin başlangıç noktasını ifade etmek için kullanılır.
Accessing information has become incredibly convenient since the invention of the Internet.
It is / has been + a period of time + since + the simple past tense
It has been a long time since I saw such a breathtaking sunset. Video 2.7
“For” geçmişte başlayan ve etkileri devam eden eylemin sürecini ifade etmek için kullanılır.
Egypt has attracted visitors from around the world with its rich history and cultural heritage for centuries.

“Yet” henüz gerçekleşmeyen eylemler için soru cümlelerinin ve olumsuz cümlelerin sonunda kullanılır.
The municipality has not found a solution to the persistent traffic congestion in the city yet.
Olumsuz cümlelerde “still” eylemin hâlâ tamamlanmadığını ifade etmek için kullanılır.
The government still has not signed the international agreement on climate change.
“Already” eylemin beklenenden önce gerçekleştiğini ifade etmek için kullanılır.
Most candidates have already submitted their applications for the job.

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