Page 82 - Konu Özetleri YDT İngilizce

ENGLISH

KONU INVERSION
ÖZETİ
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INVERSION
Inverted Conditionals
Devrik koşul cümlelerinde her bir koşul tipinin kendine özgü devrik kullanımı vardır.

Type 1
If cümleden atılır ve cümle başına should getirilir. Ana fiil bare infinitive (V ) şeklinde yazılır.
1
♦ If all governments pay attention, droughts that strike most areas can be scaled down.
Should all governments pay attention, droughts that strike most areas can be scaled down.

Type 2
If cümleden atılır ve cümle başına were getirilir. Cümlede fiil yer alıyorsa, ana fiil to + infinitive şeklinde yazılır.
♦ If poaching of African elephants stopped worldwide, it would alleviate a major threat to their survival.
Were the poaching of African elephants to stop worldwide, it would alleviate a major threat to their survival.

Type 3
If cümleden atılır, cümle başına had getirilir ve cümledeki fiil past participle (V ) formunda yazılır.
3
♦ If the engineers at the Chernobyl reactor had responded effectively, the catastrophic meltdown might have been
prevented.
Had the engineers at the Chernobyl reactor responded effectively, the catastrophic meltdown might have been
prevented.
Inversion with Negative Adverbials
Cümlenin only, never, seldom, hardly gibi sınırlayıcı ya da olumsuz anlam taşıyan zarflar ile başlaması
durumunda devrik cümle yapısı kullanılır.
Not until / not till / not since
Not ile başlayan bağlaçlar cümle başında kullanılırsa, ana cümle devrik yapıda olmalıdır.
♦ The trains will not operate until / till the damage is repaired.
Not until / till the damage is repaired, will the trains operate.
♦ There has not been such a breakthrough in the field of antibiotics since the discovery of penicillin.
Not since the discovery of penicillin has there been such a breakthrough in the field of antibiotics.

Not only … but also
Not only … but also yapısı cümlenin başında bulunuyorsa ilk cümle devrik yapıda olmalıdır.
♦ The student not only passed all his exams, but also got a degree in his field.
Not only did the student pass all his exams, but also got a degree in his field.
Only when / only if / only after
Only ile başlayan bağlaçlar cümle başında kullanılırsa, ana cümle devrik yapıda olmalıdır.
♦ Liability insurance protects you only if / when you are at fault for an accident.
Only if / when you are at fault for an accident does liability insurance protect you.
♦ She finally mastered the complex cooking technique only after several attempts.
Only after several attempts did she finally master the complex cooking technique.
No sooner … than
No sooner … than ile başlayan cümlelerde, yan cümle devrik yapıda olmalıdır.
♦ The famous rock band no sooner had played its hit song than the audience started to sing together.
No sooner had the famous rock band played its hit song than the audience started to sing together.
Hardly / scarcely / barely ... when
Hardly / scarcely / barely … when ile başlayan cümlelerde, yan cümle devrik yapıda olmalıdır.
♦ The winner had hardly / scarcely / barely received his medal when everyone in the hall cheered enthusiastically.
Hardly / Scarcely / Barely had the winner received his medal when everyone in the hall cheered enthusiastically.
82 MEBİ KONU ÖZETLERİ ENGLISH - YDT