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THEME 4 EXERCISES

E. Complete the table below with the correct forms of the words. H. Study the words and their meanings. Then use these words to complete the sentences below.
through towards
[1] from one end to the other of [1] in the direction of
We walked through a pine forest to the ancient ruins. Warriors marched towards the battlefield.
[2] all of [2] in relation to; with regard to
Historians searched through the rich archives. The ruler was respectful towards his advisors.
[3] here and there in; around [3] just before; near
Loreen took a tour through Egypt’s ancient sites. Enemy forces pulled back towards nightfall.
[4] as a result of; by means of [4] as a contribution or help to
The empire expanded through wise governance. The funds will go towards conserving artefacts.
[5] from the beginning to the end of; during at
The classical scholars worked through the week. [1] on, near, or by the time of
[6] done / finished with (especially successfully) The archaeological excavation began at sunrise.
Our team is through the initial stages of excavation. [2] in or near the location of
among The historian lives at the edge of the small town.
[1] in the middle of or surrounded by [3] in the state or condition of
The king moved about among his people. The country was at war with its neighbours.
[2] in shares to each of [4] in the activity or field of
The queen divided the empire among her three sons. The Mayans were highly skilled at astronomy.
[3] one of [5] to or with the rate, extent, or amount of
Shireen is among the real experts on early history. The wheel helped the ancients travel at high speed.
before as
[1] earlier than [1] in the role, capacity, or function of
Write your essay on the Incas before the deadline. I work at a local history museum as a digital archivist.
[2] in front of [2] during the time of being; when
Archaeologists agreed to gather before the ruins. King Tut had a very challenging life as a child.
[3] in the future of into
A promising career stretched out before the historian. [1] to the inside of
beyond Visitors went into the palace one after another.
[1] on or to the further side of [2] in the direction of
The ancient temple is just beyond that riverbank. The archaeologist pointed into the ancient cave.
[2] later than; after [3] against
Few empires could endure beyond several centuries. The conquerors marched into enemy forces.
[3] other than [4] forming (several parts); in or to the form of
The findings reveal nothing beyond past research. Scholars divide Roman history into three periods.
[4] outside the range or limits of [5] interested in
Manuscripts are beyond the reach of non-scholars. Eve has been really into ancient civilisations lately.

1. The community directed its efforts __________ protecting historical sites for future generations.
2. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk is __________ the greatest leaders and military geniuses in world history.
3. Some linguists are experts __________ translating old texts and finding grammatical changes.
4. Historians categorise societies __________ periods of rise and fall and provide the causes.
5. The excavation in the region uncovered nothing __________ some broken pottery.
6. Nomadic tribes migrated __________ the south in search of food and opportunities for settlement.
7. __________ the emergence of writing systems, early humans interacted through speech or signs.
8. The ruler distributed some of the war treasures __________ the victorious commanders.
9. Empires collapsed _________ economic difficulties, geopolitical changes, and domestic factors.
10. The expansion of the steam engine enabled the production of goods __________ a high rate.
11. Anthropologists can work _________ field observers to document indigenous traditions.
12. The ancient city’s ruins were hidden __________ the sight in the dense jungle for years.

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