Page 150 - Grammar For YDT - 12

RELATIVE CLAUSES

2. Relative Pronoun as Subject and Object (who - whom - which - that)
Tanımlamayı amaçladığımız isim, sıfat cümleciğinin öznesi veya nesnesi durumunda kullanılabilir.
Bu durumda insanlar için özne olarak “who” veya “that”, nesne olarak “whom” veya “that”; cansız Video 8.2
varlıklar, soyut kavramlar ve hayvanlar için ise hem özne hem de nesne olarak “which” veya “that”
kullanılabilir.

▪ The equipment which / that the climbers took with them proved unsuitable for climbing.
Video 8.3
▪ The politicians who / whom / that the local people welcomed warmly left the area in joy.
Tanımlamak istediğimiz isim, “Relative Clause” cümlesinin nesnesi durumunda ise herhangi bir “relative
pronoun” (who, whom, which, that) kullanılmadan da aynı anlam verilebilir.

▪ What do you think of the clothes which English people used to wear in the Middle Ages?

▪ What do you think of the clothes that English people used to wear in the Middle Ages?
▪ What do you think of the clothes Ø English people used to wear in the Middle Ages?
“Who”, “whom” ve “which” hem “Defining” hem de “Non-defining Relative Clause” cümlelerinde kullanılabilir.
Ancak “that” sadece “Defining Relative Clause cümlelerinde kullanılır .

▪ The world-wide famous player, who / whom / that the club signed last week, scored two goals in his first match.
▪ My aunt gave me this jumper, which / that she knitted herself when she was a student.

Every(thing), some(thing), no(thing), all, little, none gibi ifadeler cümlede özne konumunda ise “that” ile
kullanılır, ancak nesne konumunda ise “that” kullanılabilir ya da “relative pronoun” cümleden çıkarılabilir.

▪ The new assistant will do anything (that) his boss tells him to do without hesitation.
▪ Everything that you need for the project is in the storage room.

Superlative yapılar tanımlayıcı cümlede özne konumunda ise “that” ile kullanılır, ancak nesne konumunda ise
“that” kullanılabilir ya da “relative pronoun” cümleden çıkarılabilir.

▪ This is the funniest film that has ever come from Hollywood to our country in the last two decades.

▪ This is the tastiest Indian meal (that) we have eaten so far during our world tour.
3. Relative Pronoun as Object of a Preposition (which - who - whom - that)

Ana cümlede tanımlanan isim, ardından gelen “Relative Clause” cümlesinde nesne durumunda
ise ve cümlenin fiili bir ilgeç ile beraber kullanılmışsa, ilgeç cümledeki yerinde bırakılarak relative Video 8.4
pronoun “who, whom, which, that” kullanılabilir.

▪ The ladder began to slip. I was standing on the ladder.
The ladder which / that / Ø I was standing on began to slip.

▪ My friend is a very optimistic person. I talk to him every evening on the phone about my family problems.
My friend who / whom / that / Ø I talk to every evening on the phone about my family problems is a very optimistic
person.
Sıfat cümlesi “Non-defining” yapıda ise ilgecin nesnesi durumundaki “relative pronoun” cümleden atılamaz ve
“that” kullanılamaz.

▪ Mr Jones is very generous about overtime payments. I have been working for him since I moved to this city.
▪ Mr Jones, whom / who / that I have been working for since I moved to this city, is very generous about overtime
payments.

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