Page 151 - Grammar For YDT - 12

RELATIVE CLAUSES

“Relative Clause” cümlesindeki ilgeç (preposition) istenildiğinde “relative pronoun”un önünde de kullanılabilir.
Ancak, bu durumda “relative pronoun” cümleden atılamaz. İlgeç, “pronoun”un önüne getirildiğinde “that” ya
da “who” kullanılamaz. Bu tür durumlarda sadece “whom” veya “which” kullanılmalıdır.

▪ I do not talk to my neighbour who / whom / that / Ø all the residents are complaining about regarding his parking
unsuitably in the wrong spot.

▪ I do not talk to my neighbour about whom all the residents are complaining regarding his parking unsuitably in the
wrong spot.

4. Relative Pronoun Modifying Time (when – in / on / at which)

Ana cümlemizde tanımlanan isim “Relative Clause” yapısı içinde “in that year, on that day, at that hour” gibi bir
zaman belirtmekte ise ya da belirli zamandan bahsetmekte ise “relative pronoun” olarak “when, that, which” Video 8.5
kullanılabilir. Ya da herhangi bir “relative pronoun” kullanılmadan da “Relative Clause” cümleye eklenebilir.
Zaman niteleyen Relative Clause cümlelerinde ilgeç sadece “which” in önüne getirilir. (on which, in which, at which)

▪ Producers say they cannot remember a time. Harvests were worse than this year’s at that time.
Producers say they cannot remember a time when harvests were worse than this year’s.
Producers say they cannot remember a time that harvests were worse than this year’s.

Producers say they cannot remember a time at which harvests were worse than this year’s.
Producers say they cannot remember a time Ø harvests were worse than this year’s.
“Relative Clause” cümlesinde zaman sözcüğü olan her ifade cümlenin zamanını ifade etmeyebilir. Bazen bu
tür zaman sözcükleri sadece bir nesne ya da özne durumundadır. Bu tür durumlarda “when” kullanılamaz;
“which” ya da “that” kullanılarak “Relative Clause” ana cümleye bağlanmalıdır.
▪ Winter is the season. It is the best time for a ski holiday. (It: subject)
Winter is the season which / that is the best time for a ski holiday.

▪ Winter is the season. Most people prefer it to summer. (It: object)
Winter is the season which / that most people prefer to summer.

▪ Winter is the season. Most countries in Europe have semester holidays in winter. (in winter: time)
Winter is the season when / that most countries in Europe have semester holidays.
Winter is the season in which most countries in Europe have semester holidays.

5. Relative Pronoun Modifying Place (where – in /on / at which)

Ana cümlemizdeki tanımlanan isim “Relative Clause” yapısı içinde olayın gerçekleştiği yeri bildiriyorsa yani bir
dolaylı tümleç ise “relative pronoun” olarak “where” kullanılabilir.

▪ Children must be brought up in a peaceful atmosphere. They can feel confident and happy there.
Children must be brought up in a peaceful atmosphere where they can feel confident and happy. Video 8.6
Bu tür cümleler “where” ile bağlandığında ilgeç kullanmaya gerek yoktur. Ancak “where” yerine “which” ya
da “that” ile bağlamak istediğimizde ya da “relative pronoun” cümleden atıldığında cümledeki yer bildiren
ifadenin başına gelen ilgeç kullanılmak zorundadır.

▪ When I retire, I like to move to the town. I spent my youth there.
When I retire, I like to move to the town where I spent my youth.
When I retire, I like to move to the town which / that / Ø I spent my youth in.

When I retire, I like to move to the town in which I spent my youth.

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