Page 172 - Grammar For YDT - 12
P. 172

CONJUNCTIONS & TRANSITION WORDS


        2. Cause and Effect
        A. Conjunctions
        Bu bağlaçlar, neden ifade eden yan cümleler ile sonuç bildiren temel cümleleri bağlamak için kullanılır. Temel
        cümle ile yan cümle arasında zaman uyumu olmak zorunda değildir, ancak anlam bütünlüğü olması gerekir.
        Genel  olarak  “nedeniyle,  -den  dolayı,  sebebiyle”  anlamlarına  gelirler.  Bu  bağlaçlardan  sonra  cümle  gelir.   Video 9.2
        Bağlaçlar cümlenin başında kullanıldığında iki cümle arasına virgül konarak cümleler ayrılır.

         because                 seeing that / as        for                     it’s because … that
         as                      seeing as               in that                 for the reason that
         since                   being that              now that                given that
         inasmuch as             being as                on the grounds that     so / such … that

        because
        Cause: They want to avoid the risk of landslides in these areas.
        Effect: The locals levelled the sloping land in the form of steps and terraced it.
           ▪ The locals levelled the sloping land in the form of steps and terraced it because they wanted to avoid the risk of
             landslides in these areas.
           ▪ Because the locals wanted to avoid the risk of landslides in these areas, they levelled the sloping land in the form of
             steps and terraced it.
        as
           ▪ As camels generally live in dry and dusty environments, their eyelashes are often particularly long.
        since
           ▪ There are children who cannot go out during the day since they are allergic to the sun.
        inasmuch as
           ▪ The woodcutter was unable to light a fire inasmuch as the woods that had been under the rain for a long time were
             wet.
        seeing that / as
           ▪ Seeing that / as the hours when people leave work are the rush hours of traffic, it may take at least two hours longer
             than usual to go from one place to another.
        being that / as
              ▪  Being that / as it is tough to find a job in less developed areas, people want to move to big cities.
        for
            Cümlenin başında yer alamaz; onun yerine cümle başında “because” veya “since” gibi bağlaçlar kullanılmalıdır.
           ▪ I do not prefer going on holiday alone, for my English is not good enough.
           ▪ For / Because / Since my English is not good enough, I do not prefer going on holiday alone.
        in that
            “Çünkü, bakımından” anlamlarına gelir ve cümle ortasında kullanılır.
           ▪ The most important basis for the treatment of diabetes is a healthy diet in that foods are the main source of blood
             sugar.
        now that
            “Şimdi artık … olduğuna göre” anlamında kullanılır. Fiili geçmiş zamanda olan bir cümle ile kullanılamaz.
           ▪ We can proceed with the meeting now that all the board members are ready in the meeting room.
        on the grounds that
            “Gerekçesiyle” anlamında kullanılır.
           ▪ The project was rejected by the CEO of the company on the grounds that it would be too costly.


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