Page 45 - Grammar For YDT - 12

TENSES

Time Expressions Frequently Used in the Past Continuous Tense

while just as constantly as at that time in those days at this time last night when

▪ I was playing chess online while my brother was doing his homework. Video 3.15
▪ As the deer was drinking water from the spring, the lion was watching it behind the bushes.

▪ My father was working as a sales manager for an international company in those days, so he had the opportunity to
travel to different countries.

The Simple Past Tense or The Past Continuous Tense
Geçmişte birbiri ardına tamamlanan birden fazla eylemi ifade etmek için “The Simple Past Tense”
kullanılır.
Video 3.16
▪ The thieves broke into the house, stole everything valuable, and left just in minutes.
Geçmişte birbirinden bağımsız olarak başlamış ve devam eden eylemleri ifade etmek için “The Past Continuous
Tense” kullanılır.

▪ Some kids were swimming in the sea while the others were building sand castles on the beach.
Geçmişte başka bir eylem devam ederken tamamlanan / araya giren eylemi ifade etmek için “The Simple Past
Tense” kullanılır.
▪ The president was delivering an important speech when the power went off.

7. The Past Perfect Tense

“Aşağıdaki tablo “The Past Perfect Tense”in olumlu, olumsuz ve soru yapılarının nasıl oluşturulduğunu göstermektedir.
Subject Pronouns Affirmative Negative Interrogative
The excavation at the site had The excavation at the site had Had the excavation at the site
You / We / They
I / He / She / It started before they decided not started before they decided started before they decided
to construct the bridge. to construct the bridge. to construct the bridge?

“The Past Perfect Tense” aşağıdaki durumlarda kullanılır:
Dolaylı anlatımda “The Simple Past Tense” içeren cümleleri aktarırken:
▪ The officials stated that they had obtained that important information the week before.
Video 3.17
Geçmişteki bir eylemden daha önce gerçekleşmiş eylemlerde:
▪ The army was ill-equipped to fight several nations on a single front because it had not prepared for a long war.
Geçmişte belirli bir zaman diliminden önce tamamlanmış eylemlerde:

▪ Long before the invention of the wheel, ancient people had used three means of transportation: walking, riding
horses, and sailing in primitive boats.
Koşul cümlelerinde (Third Conditional & Mixed Conditional):
▪ If Mehmet the Conqueror had lived a bit longer, Turkish history might have taken a very different turn.

▪ If Germany had been able to win the WWII, most of Europe might still be within the boundaries of Germany.
Geçmiş ile ilgili pişmanlıklarımızı ifade eden “wish” ve “if only” yapılarında:
▪ Some of the directors wished the company had not purchased a site on an environmentally sensitive wetland.
▪ If only the employment rates in the region had risen for every demographic group and at every level of education.

Time Expressions Frequently Used in the Past Perfect Tense
just by after already before once yet prior to
when until as soon as since till by the time for never
Video 3.18

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