Page 46 - Grammar For YDT - 12

TENSES

Aşağıdaki tabloda verilen zaman bağlaçlarından sonra genellikle “The Past Perfect Tense” getirilerek “Time
Clause” yapılır. Bu yapıda ana cümle ise “The Simple Past Tense”dir.
Time Clause Main Clause
As soon as / Once / When + The Past Perfect Tense, The Simple Past Tense

▪ The natural environment of the surrounding coastal plains started to change drastically as soon as the construction
project had begun.
▪ Once the ordered goods had arrived at the docks, a group of inspectors checked at the quality of the imports and
declared whether they were acceptable or not.
▪ When the three students had damaged a dozen library books, university officials charged them with ‘disorderly
conduct’.
Aşağıdaki tabloda verilen zaman bağlaçlarından sonra “The Simple Past Tense” getirilerek “Time Clause”
yapılır. Bu yapıda ana cümle ise “The Past Perfect Tense”dir.

Time Clause Main Clause
Before / By the time / Until / Till / When + The Simple Past Tense, The Past Perfect Tense

▪ The employees had already assembled a committee to represent their interests in the process when the hotel
management announced the upcoming reconstruction.
▪ The fish stocks had been depleted before the officials took the necessary measures to prevent future overfishing.
▪ Until the hurricane hit the country’s east coast, the people of the affected states had never considered their
vulnerability to this natural disaster.
▪ By the time the fire brigade reached the scene, most of the fire victims had managed to escape despite the thick
smoke and falling debris.
“No sooner ... than” ve “hardly / barely / scarcely ... when”, “as soon as” ile aynı anlamı veren kalıplardır. “No
sooner ... than” ve “hardly / barely / scarcely ... when” yapıları cümlenin başında yer alırsa devrik cümle yapısı
kullanılır.
▪ The police officers had no sooner made a move to get off the train and investigate than the doors closed, and the
train pulled away from the station.
▪ No sooner had the police officers made a move to get off the train and investigate than the doors closed, and the
train pulled away from the station.
▪ A ban on whaling had hardly come into force when crews of skippers, workers, and scientists began a feverish
search for loopholes in the regulations.
▪ Hardly had a ban on whaling come into force when crews of skippers, workers, and scientists began a feverish
search for loopholes in the regulations.
The Simple Past Tense or The Present Perfect Tense
“Present Perfect Tense” geçmişte olmuş ama zamanı belirtilmeyen ya da zaman belirtilmesine
gerek duyulmayan olaylarda kullanılırken, “Past Simple Tense” geçmişte belli bir zamanda meydana
gelmiş olaylarda kullanılır. Video 3.19
▪ This is the fifth time I have bumped into her today; her office must be around.
▪ It was three o’clock when I last bumped into her.

▪ My scenario has been turned down for 83 times due to different reasons by publishers, but I won’t give up on my dream.
▪ Almost 90 agents turned down James Lee Burke’s work The Lost Get-Back Boogie between 1979 and 1985.
“Present Perfect Tense” konuşma anını kapsayan bir zaman diliminde gerçekleşmiş durumlarda kullanılır.
▪ Over the last 5 years, Space X has worked on making the Falcon 9 rockets more reliable and efficent.
▪ In the past decade, 467 plant species have been declared extinct.

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