Page 51 - Grammar For YDT - 12

TENSES

The Future Perfect Tense or The Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Affirmative Negative Interrogative

Robotics will have affected Robotics will not have affected Will robotics have affected the
The Future Perfect
Tense the human labour force and the human labour force and human labour force and the
the global economy by 2050. the global economy by 2050. global economy by 2050?

Roboticists will have been Roboticists will not have been Will roboticists have been
The Future Perfect
Continuous Tense working on robotic intelligence working on robotic intelligence working on robotic intelligence
for decades by 2050. for decades by 2050. for decades by 2050?

Gelecek zamanda devam ediyor olacak olan bir olayı anlatırken “The Future Perfect Continuous Tense”
kullanılırken; gelecekte belli bir zamandan önce bitmiş olacak olan bir olayı ifade ederken “The Future Perfect
Tense” kullanılır.

▪ Situation: We have to read twelve different novels to finish this academic year by June.
▪ By June, we will have been reading novels for nine months.
▪ By November, we will have read eight novels.
Video 3.31
▪ By June, we will have finished reading all twelve novels.
“The Future Perfect Continuous Tense” ile beraber eylemsizlik bildiren fiiller (non-action verbs) kullanılmaz.
▪ By next year, humanity will have been believing in the existence of black holes for half a century. ❎
▪ By next year, humanity will have believed in the existence of black holes for half a century. ✅

“The Future Perfect Continuous Tense” ile kullanılacak fiillere dikkat edilmelidir. Süreklilik bildiren “play,
sleep, read” gibi fiiller bu “tense” ile kullanılabilir. “Finish, start, arrive” gibi bir anda olup biten eylemleri
anlatan fiiller kullanılamaz.
▪ By 2040, architects will have been finishing designing both the first buildings in space and self-contained ‘space
villages’ capable of maintaining life indefinitely. ❎
▪ By 2040, architects will have finished designing both the first buildings in space and self-contained ‘space villages’
capable of maintaining life indefinitely. ✅
▪ In the next century, people will have been overcoming long-held notions that communication must always be verbal

in order to be effective. ❎
▪ In the next century, people will have overcome long-held notions that communication must always be verbal in

order to be effective. ✅
Tense Agreement in Time Clauses
Zaman bağlaçlarında, temel cümle ile yan cümle arasında bir zaman uyumu olması gerekir.
Past Tenses:
Video 3.32
Temel cümlede geçmiş zaman kullanılırsa, yan cümlede de geçmiş zaman kullanılmalıdır.
“Before” bağlacı “önce” anlamına gelir. Birbirini takip eden olaylarda, bir olayın diğerinden önce gerçekleştiğini
belirtmek için kullanılır.
▪ Before the official announcement was made, some bad news had already been leaked into the press.
“After” bağlacı, “sonra” anlamına gelir. Birbirini takip eden olaylarda, hangisinin önce hangisinin sonra
gerçekleştiğini belirtmek için kullanılır.
▪ After the King’s abuse had been proved, he had to abdicate his crown.
▪ I had to abstain from seafood for a month after I had stomach operation.

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