Page 22 - READING COMPANION TO ENGLISH EXAMS

For the questions 11–15, choose the best word For the questions 16–20, choose the best word
or expression to fill the spaces in the passage. or expression to fill the spaces in the passage.

Land restoration, including agroforestry and Daring to approach a snake, one can easily
assisted natural regeneration, as well as the notice the absence of ears, which leads some
protection of biodiversity-rich areas and the (16)‑‑‑‑ that snakes have poor hearing and mainly
provision (11)‑‑‑‑ natural resources, is an effective rely on vibrations through the ground to sense
way to improve land degradation. More efficient their surroundings. (17)‑‑‑‑, recent research
irrigation systems and crop rotations—sustainable shows snakes are not completely deaf, and their
land management practices—conserve ecosystems hearing abilities may be essential for survival.
(12)‑‑‑‑ they also help to regulate local climate Although some snakes seem to react more to
patterns, enhance the quality of water, and protect visual stimuli, there are indications that hearing
biodiversity. (13)‑‑‑‑ impacting emissions reductions plays a crucial role in warning them (18)‑‑‑‑
and biodiversity conservation, land restoration approaching predators. To further investigate
could have sizable economic gains, amounting this, a group of toxinologists conducted a study
to up to $140 trillion per year. Renewable energy, using nineteen species of snakes inhabiting
such as bioenergy, could also be (14)‑‑‑‑ land. diverse environments (19)‑‑‑‑ the ground, trees,
Bioenergy is now one of the world’s most important and water. The snakes were exposed to sounds
renewable energy sources, accounting for 55% of ranging from 0 to 450 hertz, and both their tactile
renewable energy and more than 6% of the global and airborne hearing were tested. The results
energy supply. In rural areas, specifically, it is also showed that different snake groups responded
a significant source of employment. The biofuel differently to airborne sounds, while those in the
industry employs over 2 million people worldwide same genus responded similarly, which suggests
and (15)‑‑‑‑ to expand notably in the coming years. that the response to sounds is (20)‑‑‑‑.

11. 16.
A) over B) on A) believing B) to have believed
C) of D) through C) to believe D) having believed
E) from E) believe

17.
12.
A) Therefore B) Similarly
A) after B) while
C) Moreover D) However
C) until D) although
E) Instead
E) unless
18.
13.
A) Rather than B) In addition to A) into B) of
C) with D) to
C) In spite of D) Owing to
E) over
E) In the event of

19.
14.
A) such as B) as regards
A) made into B) aimed at
C) despite D) rather than
C) carried along D) imbued with
E) as well as
E) derived from

20.
15.
A) had been expected B) has been expected A) obligatory B) dominant
C) accidental D) restrictive
C) was expected D) is expected
E) inheritable
E) will have been expected
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