Page 69 - READING COMPANION TO ENGLISH EXAMS

4.2 MEDICATION AND SURGERY

An Innovative System in Medicine

Robotic surgery, also called robot-assisted surgery, is the use of a computer-aided system by surgeons to
carry out a variety of sophisticated operations with greater accuracy, flexibility, and control than is achievable
with traditional methods. It involves a specialised technology consisting of an exceptional camera, surgical
arms, and other attached instruments, which enhances the capabilities of doctors, particularly at hard-to-reach
surgical sites. In a robot-assisted procedure, three or four robotic arms are placed into the patient through small
incisions. The arm with the camera provides magnified 3D views of the surgical areas, in which conventional
visualisation has been difficult, that give a thorough perspective of anatomy in real time, guiding the procedure’s
execution. The other two arms function more precisely than a doctor’s hands, with a greater range of motion in
confined spaces in ways that are not otherwise possible. Additionally, the other small instruments help surgeons
perform the steps of the proceeding scrupulously. Thanks to this cutting-edge innovation in medicine, patients
have recently received effective treatments with less downtime and shorter hospital stays. People who
go through robotic surgery experience less post-operative pain and have better outcomes, given that the
operation is minimally invasive. In particular, small cuts, usually the size of a button, result in smaller scars that
reduce the risk of being infected during the healing process. Nonetheless, everyone’s healthcare needs are
unique, but this computer-aided system provides numerous advantages for many people who need surgery to
improve their health and combat disease.

a Match the highlighted words and phrases in the passage to the definitions below.

1. : in a way that pays careful attention to every detail
2. : unusually good
3. : the process of becoming or making somebody or something healthy again
4. : to do and complete a task
5. : with complete accuracy or perfection
6. : to fight or contend against; oppose vigorously
7. : something that is done to cure an illness or injury
8. : to make something look bigger than it really is
9. : to experience or suffer something
10. : the newest, most advanced stage in the development of something
b Circle the two options that cannot be the synonyms of the given words and phrases.

1. carry out
A) perform B) accomplish C) abandon D) fulfil E) stop
2. exceptional
A) unprecedented B) ordinary C) familiar D) extraordinary E) unique

3. magnify
A) shrink B) enlarge C) amplify D) diminish E) augment
4. precisely
A) absolutely B) carefully C) questionably D) literally E) ambiguously
5. scrupulously
A) fastidiously B) heedlessly C) diligently D) inattentively E) painstakingly
6. cutting‑edge
A) customary B) innovative C) breathtaking D) trailblazing E) conventional
7. treatment
A) remedy B) cure C) disease D) ailment E) medication
8. go through
A) die out B) disappear C) encounter D) undergo E) live through
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