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5. The first-of-its-kind study, led by a team of researchers 7. _______ It has made great progress since the beginning of
th
from Canada’s University of British Columbia and the 20 century as a result of theoretical and observational
Vancouver Coastal Health, showed that a small implant advancements. As a field of theoretical physics, it began
infused with stem cells could help the body produce with Einstein’s 1917 static model of the universe and was
insulin on its own. In the study, a 25-cent-sized device developed in its early days, particularly through the work
was placed under the abdominal skin of fifteen patients of Lemaitre. In the mid-1960s, cosmology was commonly
with Type 1 diabetes. This device contains millions of considered to be a field of philosophy. However, the
cells that are produced from a single lab-grown stem cell practice of atomic and nuclear physics and a series of
line and are responsible for making insulin, the hormone information coming from telescopes working across the
that controls blood sugar. The patients in the study also entire electromagnetic spectrum have transformed it
stayed in the target blood sugar range 13 per cent longer, into an extremely active area of mainstream physics and
and some were able to reduce the amount of insulin they astronomy.
injected thanks to the implant. _______ However, the
idea of implanting insulin-producing cells in a person A) One consequence of the cosmological principle is that
with Type 1 diabetes and allowing those cells to produce the universe cannot have an edge.
some insulin has been described as a great step forward. B) Scientists build models or theories that try to describe the
universe as a whole.
A) Insulin deficiency develops as a result of the destruction
C) Cosmology is the scientific analysis of what the universe
of the pancreas for various reasons in the childhood age
is like.
group.
B) The study is not yet at a ready stage for comprehensive D) Space is not only infinite but also filled with many
treatment, and everyone with diabetes. irregularities.
C) Patients experienced vomiting, abdominal pain, severe E) Astrologists study the movements of the planets and
dehydration, and confusion. make assumptions about terrestrial events and human
affairs.
D) Environmental factors are important in the development
of diabetes.
E) It is treated with insulin, exercise, and dietary planning.

8. When there is a significant shortage or lack of food for
a large number of people, it is called a famine. During
a famine, people suffer from hunger, malnutrition, and
6. Doing the laundry is an indispensable part of our lives; starvation. Ireland experienced its worst famine in 1845
however, washing and drying clothes can pose great when a famine called ‘The Great Hunger’ occurred. It
environmental hazards. It often exploits a lot of resources lasted until about 1852, but the worst years were between
from the power and water used to the possibly harmful 1845 and 1849. A disease called blight was one of the
chemicals in detergents. However, sustainable laundry causes of the Great Irish Famine, which destroyed half of
is not only about using colder water while washing, the potato crop that year and three-quarters of the crop
switching to an eco-friendly detergent, or asking hotel during the next seven years. _______ Thousands suffered
guests to use towels more than once. _______ That is to from famine, and hundreds of thousands lost their lives
say, it is about coming up with a comprehensive solution due to the disease induced by malnutrition before the
rather than just fixing one piece of the puzzle. famine ended in 1852, with at least another million having
to flee their countries as refugees.
A) Your laundry routine is an excellent place to start if you
want to make environmentally friendly adjustments at A) The blight had a catastrophic impact on Ireland and its
home. inhabitants because half the Irish population depended
on the potato as a source of food.
B) Switching to new, low-water models of laundry machines
instead of the older ones can help save detergent, water, B) Throughout the entire period of the Great Hunger, Ireland
and energy on every load. exported enormous quantities of food to England.
C) Sustainable laundry practices can help save money on C) The Great Hunger was one of the first national disasters
utility bills while also safeguarding the earth’s limited to trigger an international fundraising campaign.
natural resources.
D) The potato was attractive because it was a hardy,
D) Sustainable laundry entails considering all aspects of nutritious, and high-calorie crop that was relatively easy
conservation, such as reducing energy and water use to grow in Irish soil.
and focusing on eco-friendly techniques.
E) The devastating fungus was most common in areas
E) Traditional commercial laundry machines are notoriously where the weather was unusually cool and damp, such
wasteful, especially in terms of water consumption. as Ireland.

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